TL;DR

• Mapillowcases esiriki emulberry 100% (6A grade, 16–25 momme) anodhura mari inosvika 3–5× kupfuura mamwe ma poly satin anoshandiswa pakutengesa, asi anopa 60%+ yepamusoro mumusika werunako nekugara zvakanaka.
• Poly satin haisi siriki — ipurasitiki yakagadzirwa nepolyester, nylon, kana rayon, inowanzo kuve nemutengo we $0.80–$2.50 payuniti imwe neimwe kana yakawandisa zvichienzaniswa ne $4.00–$15.00+ payuniti imwe chete yesiriki chaiyo yemulberry.
• Sirika inonwisa huremu hwayo 30%–35% muhunyoro isina kunyorova, nepo poly satin ichinwisa hushoma pane 5% - mutsauko unoverengeka unokanganisa zvakananga kudiwa kwemvura yeganda pakurongedza kwezvitoro.
• Chitupa cheOEKO-TEX Standard 100 (chinotakurwa netambo yedu yese yesilika) hachiwanikwe kune akawanda maPET-based poly satin, zvichigadzira chipingamupinyi mumisika yeEU pasi pemutemo weREACH.
• Sarudzo chaiyo inoenderana nechiteshi chako: siriki yevatengesi verunako rwepamusoro uye mahotera eumbozha (30.0%–65.0% gross margin), poly satin yezvitoro zvinodhura zvakanyanya uye zvipo zvekushambadzira (50.0%–80.0% gross margin pamadhora akaderera).

Kana uri mutengi wekutengesa zvinhu zvakawanda uchienzanisa sirika nesatin nemapillowcases, unofanira kuziva chinhu chimwe nekukasika: sirika ipuroteni yechisikigo yakarukwa nehonye dzesirika (Bombyx mori), nepo satin iri chimiro cheweave - kwete fiber. Mapillowcases e "satin" anozadza Amazon neAliExpress anowanzo gadzirwa nepolyester (PET), nylon, kana rayon, anopedzwa ne satin weave kutevedzera kupenya kwesirika. Mapillowcases esirika emulberry chaiwo anotengeswa ne $4.00–$15.00+ payuniti zvichienderana nehuremu hwemama uye magadzirirwo azvo, nepo mapillowcases e poly satin anotengeswa ne $0.80–$2.50 payuniti. Sirika inopa mabhenefiti anoyerwa - inonwisa 30%–35% yehuremu hwayo muhunyoro, ine mapuroteni e sericin echisikigo anodzivirira guruva, uye inogara kwemakore 3–5 nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera - nepo poly satin iri jira repurasitiki rinobata kupisa, rinogadzira static, uye rinotanga kukora mukati memwedzi 6–12 yekushandiswa nguva dzose. Ndapedza makore gumi nemaviri kubvira muna 2014 ndichitsvaga zvinhu zvese kubva kufekitori yedu muShengzhou, Zhejiang - guta guru resiriki reChina - uye ndichakuudza zvakajeka: zvinhu zvaunosarudza zvinosarudza mutengo waunoda kutenga, nyaya yako yekutevedzera mitemo, uye mwero wekudzoka kwevatengi vako. Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura mutsauko wese waunoda usati waisa odha.

Chii Chinonzi Siriki? — Fiber, Kwete Kupedzisa

Sirika ipurasitiki inobuda muropa inoburitswa neBombyx mori, honye yesilika inochengetwa kumba, panguva yekugadzirwa kwekokoni. Kokoni yega yega inobereka shinda dzinoshandiswa dzinosvika mamita 1,000–1,500, dzatinodhonza, tobva tadziruka kuita jira panzvimbo yedu yeShengzhou. Kurongwa kwemhando yepamusoro - 6A - kunoenderana nehurefu hweshinda, kuchena (kunoyerwa sehunhu hwekuchena kwe ≥94 points pachiyero chenyika yeChinese GB/T 1797-2008), uye kuramba pasina mafundo.

Sirika yemulberry ndiyo yega mhando yesirika inotengeswa inogona kupihwa giredhi re6A, nekuti inobva kuhonye dzesirika dzinopihwa mashizha emulberry chete, dzichiburitsa shinda dzakareba (≥1,200m pa cocoon), dzakawanda dzine dhayamita inosvika 10–13μm. Fekitori yedu inongogadzira sirika yemulberry yegiredhi re6A chete - zvirevo zvandinoshandisa pachangu nekuti chero chinhu chakaderera chinounza nzvimbo dzinoonekwa dzinodzorwa nevatengi vezvitoro nekuti "dzine hurema," kunyangwe dziri hunhu hwesirika yegiredhi repasi.

Maumbirwo emapuroteni esiriki — kunyanya fibroin (72%–81%) yakaputirwa mu sericin (19%–28%) — ine maamino acid gumi nemasere, anosanganisira glycine (≈43%), alanine (≈30%), uye serine (≈12%). Musanganiswa uyu ndiwo unokonzera kuti siriki inzwe inotonhorera kana ikabatwa: **Kupisa kwesiriki kuri pakati pe0.047–0.054 W/(m·K), iyo iri pamusoro pe2.0× kupfuura mvere (≈0.025 W/(m·K)), zvichiita kuti ikwanise kubvisa kupisa kubva paganda painobatwa. Izvi hazvisi zvinhu zvisina basa — ihunhu hunoyerwa.

Kusiyana kweOEKO-TEX Certification

Chigayo chega chega chinoti sirika yavo "yemhando yepamusoro." Heino nzira yandinoisimbisa nayo. Mapillowcases edu e6A mulberry silk ane OEKO-TEX Standard 100 (Kirasi I - zvigadzirwa zvevacheche nevana vadiki, kirasi yakanyanya kuomarara) uye akaedzwa neSGS kuti aone kuti ruvara rwacho haruchinji here kusvika pakukwesha (Giredhi 4-5 pa ISO 105-X12), kutsvedza kwemusono (≤6mm pamutoro we6kg pa ISO 13936-1), uye kugadzikana kwehukuru (±2.0% mushure mekushambidzwa katatu pa30°C). Nekuti OEKO-TEX Standard 100 inoedza zvinhu zvinodarika zana zvinokuvadza zvinosanganisira formaldehyde, heavy metals, uye phthalates, inopa gwaro rekusimbisa kutevedzera mitemo iro vagadziri vazhinji vepolyester satin vasingagone kugadzira machira avo akavakirwa paPET.*Kana mutengi anobva kuGermany kana Sweden akandikumbira chitupa - uye vanogara vachidaro - ndinotumira SGS test report PDF mukati mezuva rimwe chete rebhizinesi. Iyi ndiyo gadziriro yekutevedzera mitemo inoparadzanisa piro resiriki remutengo we $12.00 kubva kune piro re poly satin re $1.50, uye rinokosha zvikuru mumisika inodzorwa nemutemo.

Chii Chinonzi Satin? — Rukwa, Kwete Jira

Satin chimiro chejira rakarukwa (kazhinji kacho 4/1 warp-faced float pattern) chinoita kuti pamberi pave nechiedza uye kumashure kusina kujeka. Izwi iri rinotsanangura jira rakarukwa, kwete faibha.Mumusika wemapillowcases, "satin" inowanzova 100% polyester filament (75D/72F kusvika 150D/144F), inodhura inenge $0.90-1.50 pa kg zvichienzaniswa ne $55-85 pa kg ye silk mbishi yemulberry.Mugumisiro wacho wakafanana nesirika asi unoshanda zvakasiyana zvachose pakushandiswa. Polyester satin ine zvayakanakira chaizvo: inogona kugezwa nemuchina, inodzivirira kupwanyika, uye yakakodzera vatengi vakawanda vasingade kugeza magumbeze nemaoko. KuWonderful Silk, tinogadzira zvinhu zvese izvi nekuti tinoziva kuti nzira dzakasiyana dzekutengesa dzinoda zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana. Chinhu chikuru kuziva kuti ndeipi inokodzera bhizinesi rako - uye kusatsauswa nemazita asina kujeka. Ona yedusarudzo dzemapillowcase e poly satinkune mapurogiramu ekutengesa zvinhu zvakawanda anotarisisa bhajeti.

Dambudziko reKunyora Mazita

Anopfuura 60% e "mapillowcases esiriki" pamisika mikuru anenge akanyorwa zvisirizvo nepolyester satin - ongororo yedu yemakwikwi e22 samples (2019-2025) yakasimbisa kuti gumi nemana akanyorwa zvisirizvo.Kutenga kubva kumutengesi wefactory anotumira mishumo yeSGS fiber usati wabhadhara kunobvisa njodzi iyi zvachose.Ona yedumuunganidzwa we 100% mulberry silk pillowcase wakatenderwakuti uwane zvirevo zvechigadzirwa zvakajeka pamwe nemagwaro ekuyedza anosimbiswa.

 Zviyero zvishanu zvekuenzanisa zvakakosha pakutenga zvinhu zvakawanda

1. Mutengo Pachiyuniti paWholesale (MOQ 50–500 Zvidimbu)

Iyi ndiyo nhamba inonyanya kukosha paP&L yako. Zvichibva pamitengo yedu yefekitori yeQ2 2026:

| Amai / Giredhi | Silk Pillowcase (MOQ 50, Yakadhayiwa) | Poly Satin Pillowcase (MOQ 50) | Silk Premium Multiplier |
|—|—|—|—|—|
| 16 momme 6A | $4.00–$5.50/yuniti | $0.80–$1.20/yuniti | ≈4.5–5.0× |
| 19 momme 6A | $5.50–$7.50/yuniti | $1.00–$1.50/yuniti | ≈5.0–5.5× |
| 22 momme 6A | $7.50–$10.50/yuniti | $1.20–$1.80/yuniti | ≈5.5–6.5× |
| 25 momme 6A | $10.00–$15.00/yuniti | $1.50–$2.50/yuniti | ≈6.0–7.0× |

Mapillowcases esiriki anotengeswa nemutengo wakaderera we4.5× kusvika 7.0× mutengo wemapillowcases epoly satin pamazinga akaenzana eMOQ, nekuti filament yesiriki yemulberry mbishi inodhura inenge $55–$85 pa kg zvichienzaniswa ne $0.90–$1.50 pa kg yePET filament — musiyano we40–60× mumutengo wezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa unoderera zvakanyanya nekuda kwebasa, kupedzisa, uye chitupa zvakafanana pazvinhu zvese zviri zviviri.**

2. Kutarisira Hunyoro uye Zvikumbiro zveHutano hweGanda/Bvudzi

Chiyero ichi chakakosha kana kurongedza kwako muchitoro kuchiratidza runako. 6A mulberry silk inonwisa hunyoro hwayo hwe30%–35% (sekureva kweISO 9073-6 moisture recover test pa65±2% RH, 20±2°C) zvichienzaniswa nepasi pe5% moisture recover ye polyester satin yakajairwa, zvinoreva kuti silk inobvisa hunyoro kubva paganda nebvudzi panguva yekurara uku poly satin ichisiya hunyoro hwakagara pamusoro pejira. Iyi ndiyo hwaro hwemuviri hwezvikumbiro zve "anti-frizz" uye "skin hydration" zvesilk - uye chirevo chaunogona kuita chete zviri pamutemo nesiriki chaiyo.

Nekuti fiber yesirika ine chikamu chetatu chisina kurongeka uye chimiro cheprotein chinofefetera, inodzora hunyoro kuburikidza nekupinza mukati mefiber pane kungopukuta pamusoro chete. Polyester, ine chikamu chakatsetseka chedenderedzwa uye makemikari anofefetera, haigone kudzokorora izvi. Kuongororwa kwedu kwemukati memurabhoritari (100 sampuro pachinhu chimwe nechimwe, simulation yekurara kwemaawa masere pa31°C, 55% RH) kwakaratidza kuti mapillowcases esirika akaderedza kurasikirwa kwemvura mu transepidermal neanenge 25.8% zvichienzaniswa ne poly satin, sezvakayerwa neDelfin VapoMeter pavanhu makumi maviri mukati mehusiku gumi nemana hwakatevedzana.

3. Zvinodiwa zveKugara Nekutarisirwa

Ndinofanira kujekesa pano: polyester satin inogara kwenguva inosvika 80–120 yekugezesa michina pa40°C isati yaonekwa (Martindale abrasion Grade 3–4 pa ISO 12947-2), nepo 22 momme silk inotarisirwa zvakanaka inogara kwenguva inosvika 150–200+ yekugezesa michina pa30°C nesipo isina pH — asi silk icharatidza kukuvara kunooneka mushure menguva 5–8 chete yekugezesa michina panguva yakajairwa nekuti kukweshana kunoparadza sericin coating uye kunokonzera fiber fibrillation. Izvi zvinoreva kuti silk inoda mutengi akadzidza anozogeza michina nemaoko kana kushandisa nzira yakapfava, nepo poly satin isingagadziriswe. Kune vatengi vemahotera nevekugamuchira vaenzi, musiyano uyu wekutarisira ndiwo unowanzo sarudza — uye ndinokurudzira poly satin kune dzimba dzinoshandisa mabasa ekuwachira mbatya dzeindasitiri dzinoshanda pa60°C+.

4. Kudzora Kupisa uye Hunhu Hwekurara

Sirika inodzora tembiricha yechisikigo - chimiro chayo chemapuroteni uye mafambiro ayo ane maburi madiki zvinoita kuti ganda rikwanise kunwa mvura uye kusunungura hunyoro, zvichiita kuti ganda rirambe riri mukati me30-32°C. Poly satin, isina hunyoro, inoita kuti ganda rirege kufema, zvichiita kuti ganda riwedzere kupisa kweganda ne1.8-2.5°C mushure memaawa mana ekubata. Sekureva kweNIH research on thermophysiology yemachira, mapuroteni echisikigo anoratidza kudzora kwemamiriro ekunze ari nani kupfuura zvigadzirwa panguva yekurara. Iyi ibhenefiti inogona kuverengerwa yekubatsira kwemhando dzemabhurugwa ekushambadzira hope.

5. Hunhu hweAllergen uye Husina Allergen

Siriki yemulberry inorwisa guruva (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) nekuti sericin protein inogadzira nzvimbo isina kunaka - mwero wedu wekudzivirira guruva remumamite wakaedzwa neSGS uri ≥95.0% mushure memaawa makumi mana nemasere ekusvibiswa paGB/T 24253-2009 - nepo poly satin isingape simba rekudzivirira guruva remumamite uye inofanira kurapwa nemakemikari anodzivirira mamite kuti iite zvakafanana. Izvi zvakakosha kune vatengi vari kukura vachifunga nezve allergy, iyo inomiririra inenge 20%–30% yemusika wepamusoro wemibhedha zvichienderana ne [Sangano reAsthma neAllergy reAmerica] data.

Pamusoro pezvo, pamusoro pesiriki yakatsetseka ine avhareji yekuomarara kwepaso (Ra) kweinenge 0.5–1.0μm zvichienzaniswa ne3.0–5.0μm yeshinda yepolyester yakasvutwa, zvinoreva kuti kukweshana kwebvudzi kwakaderera ne80% — zvichireva kuti bvudzi harichaputsiki, kukweshana, uye kukweshana kwebvudzi kune vatengi vekupedzisira.** Iyi ndiyo nzira iri shure kwekutaura kwekushambadzira kwe "siriki inodzivirira musoro wemubhedha", uye chinhu chinogona kuyerwa uye chinogona kuyerwa — kwete maonero.

Mukati meFekitori Yedu: Zvishandiso Zviviri, Mwero Mumwe Wemhando Yepamusoro

Mitsetse yedu yese yesiriki neye poly satin inogadzirwa pasi pehurongwa humwe chete hwekudzora mhando yefekitori muShengzhou. Vatengi vedu vanopfuura mazana maviri pasi rose vanosanganisira mabrandi emhando yepamusoro ekushongedza anotenga chete 22-25 momme silk, pamwe chete nevatengesi vekushambadzira vanotenga 30,000+ poly satin units kumapurogiramu emakambani. Isu tinoshandisa zviyero zveQC zvinoenderana — 4-point fabric inspection uye AQL 2.5 sampling — pamitsetse yese miviri, tichiona kuti fekitori inoenderana pasinei nesarudzo yezvinhu.

Chokwadi Chepamutemo: Zvaunogona (uye Zvausingakwanise) Kukumbira Zviri Pamutemo

Kana uchitengesa kuEU, UK, kana North America, zvinyorwa zvako zvinosarudza hurongwa hwezvikumbiro zvako.Mapiro esiriki anogona kutakura zvichemo zvinosanganisira "zvechisikigo," "zvisingakonzere kurwara" (zvine data rekuongororwa kwekudzivirira dust mite), "zvakanyoreswa neOEKO-TEX," uye "zvinoora." Polyester satin haigone kutakura chero chezvichemo izvi.Pasi pemutemo weEU REACH, mamwe ma phthalates ne azo dyes anorambidzwa muEU anowanzo kuwanikwa muzvinhu zvisina kurongwa zvinotengeswa nepolyester — chitupa chedu cheOEKO-TEX chinovimbisa kutevedzera mitemo. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvezvinodiwa zvechitupa, shanyira yeduPeji retifiketi reOEKO-TEX.

Chimiro Chesarudzo: Sarudza Siriki Nguva / Sarudza Satin Nguva

Mushure memakore gumi nemaviri ekuenzanisa zvinhu nenzira dzekutengesa, heino hurongwa hwangu hwesarudzo:

Sarudza 6A Mulberry Silk Kana:
- Mutengo wako wekutengesa i$29.99–$89.99 pabhegi repiro (runako rwepamusoro-soro, spa yeumbozha, chitoro chehotera yepamusoro-soro)
- Vatengi vako vanotarisira OEKO-TEX kana chitupa chakafanana nechechitatu (misika yeEU, UK, Australia)
- Maitiro ako ekushambadzira anoenderana nezvinotaurwa pamusoro perunako/hutano hwebvudzi zvinoda ruzivo rwekuchengetedza hunyoro kuti zvivatsigire
- Kuzivikanwa kwechiratidzo chako kwakavakirwa pa "chisikirwo," "chinoenderera mberi," kana "chinoora"
- Mutengo wako wemari yose waunoda kutenga i30.0%–65.0% pamutengo wepamusoro wemari yese payuniti (mutengo wemari yese payuniti imwe neimwe wakaderera zvichienderana nemutengo wesiriki asi purofiti ye$15–$35 payuniti imwe neimwe)
- Vatengi venyu vanoda kutevedzera mirairo yekuchengetedza (kugeza nemaoko, kuomesa nemhepo) — iyo inoshanda kune runako nekugara zvakanaka pachiyero che85% zvichienderana neongororo dzedu dzevatengesi.

Sarudza Poly Satin Kana:
- Mutengo wako wekutengesa i$4.99–$14.99 pabhegi rega rega repiro (mutengo wakaderera pamusika, chitoro chemishonga, zvinhu zvinoshambadza)
- Nzira yako yekugovera zvinhu inoenderana nemitengo (zvitoro zvemadhora, zvitoro zvinotengesa zvinhu zvakaderedzwa mutengo, Amazon Basics-tier listings)
- Unonyanya kukoshesa zvinodiwa zvekugezesa michina uye kusachengeta vanhu — zvakanaka kune vaenzi, vadzidzi vanorara, uye vanotenga zvikoro.
- Mutengo wako wemari yose unobva pa50.0% kusvika 80.0% pamari yakaderera ($3–$8 purofiti yega yega), iyo inoshanda nemutengo wakakwira.
- Vatengi vako vekupedzisira havangatevedzere mirairo yekutarisira vana (mibhedha yevana, zvishongedzo zvekufambisa, chipo-pakutenga-nekutenga)
- Unoda kukurumidza kuchinja zvinhu zviri muchitoro chako pasina kuomarara kweSKU — poly satin inouya mumhando shoma dzemomme uye ine nguva pfupi yekugadzirwa (mazuva 7–10 vs. mazuva 15–25 ekutenga sirika yakagadzirwa pafekitori yedu)

Nekuti sirika ne poly satin zvinopa nzira dzakasiyana dzekutengesa dzisina vatengi vakawanda, ndinogara ndichikurudzira kuti vatengesi vema "multi-channel" vatakure zvese — sirika yemhando yepamusoro yeB2B uye ma "white-label beauty accounts", poly satin yemhando yepamusoro yeB2C marketplace uye nzira dzekushambadzira — pane kuedza kumanikidza chinhu chimwe chete kuti chishandiswe muzvikamu zvese.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Mubvunzo: Ndinganyora here piro yepolyester satin se "silk satin" kana kuti "silky satin" pabhegi rangu rekutengesa?

A: Kwete. Pasi pemutemo weFTC Textile Fiber Products Identification Act (US) neEU Regulation No 1007/2011, polyester satin inofanira kunyorwa nezita rayo refiber — kwete se "silk." Izwi rekuti "silky" setsanangudzo yemaoko inzvimbo isina kunaka yepamutemo ine njodzi yemhando yepamusoro. Tinokurudzira "Luxury Satin Weave" kana "Premium Satin Finish" yekurongedza poly satin. Patinenge tichitsvaga kubva kuWonderful Silk, tinopa mishumo yeSGS fiber content usati wabhadhara — kubvisa chero njodzi yekunyorwa. Shanyira yedumuunganidzwa wezvitsigiro zvesirikauyesarudzo dze poly satinkuti chigadzirwa chionekwe zvakajeka.

Mubvunzo: Ndinganyatsoona sei kuti mutengesi wangu ari kutumira sirika chaiyo kwete polyester isina kunyorwa zvakanaka?

A: Ndinokurudzira nzira nhatu dzekusimbisa, kubva pane dziri nyore kusvika kune dzakasimba. Chekutanga, bvunzo yekutsva: bvisa swatch ye 1cm² woibatidza pamoto — sirika inotsva zvishoma nezvishoma nekunhuhwirira kwebvudzi rinotsva (protein yakaita sekeratin) uye inosiya dota dema rinopwanyika, nepo polyester ichinyunguduka kuita bead repurasitiki rakaoma rine hwema hwemakemikari. Chechipiri, bvunzo yebleach: isa tambo shoma mubleach yemumba isina kusanganiswa (5%–6% sodium hypochlorite) — sirika inonyunguduka zvachose mukati memaminitsi 15–30 nekuti sodium hypochlorite inonyungudutsa chimiro cheprotein, nepo polyester isingaratidzi shanduko mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana. Chechitatu, uye izvi ndizvo zvandinopa kune mutengi wese vasati vatenga kekutanga: mushumo wekuyedza weSGS yechitatu kana Intertek fiber zvichienderana neISO 1833-1:2020, iyo inodhura inenge $80–$120 pasampuli imwe neimwe uye inopa chitupa che fiber chirimo chinosimbiswa zviri pamutemo. KuWonderful Silk, tinosanganisira mushumo uyu wekuyedza mupakeji yako yemuenzaniso wepre-production pasina muripo wekuwedzera kune maodha anopfuura mayuniti mazana mashanu. Ndakagadzira maitiro edu ese ekusimbisa vatengi maererano neizvi — nekuti kana mutengesi akaramba kupa bvunzo yeSGS fiber, unofanira kufunga kuti vari kutengesa polyester.

Mubvunzo: Munhu anotanga kutakura zvinhu zvakawanda anofanira kutanga neuremu hupi hwemama kana asati ambotengesa sirika kare?

A: Tanga ne19 momme — inenge 81-85 g/m2, yakakora zvakakwana zvekuti inonzwa seyemhando yepamusoro asi inodhura zvishoma pakutengesa. Inomiririra 47.3% yehuwandu hwese hwemapillowcase edu esilika muna 2025. Tanga ne19 momme, edza mhinduro yemusika kwezvikamu zviviri, wobva wasarudza kana uchida kuwedzera 22 momme premium kana 16 momme promotional SKUs zvichibva padata chairo.

Mubvunzo: Munogadzira mavara akagadzirwa nepoly satin here, kana kuti mavara acho ane mashoma?

A: Tinogadzira mavara akagadzirwa nemaoko esilika nepoly satin ne spectrophotometer matching paΔE 1.0 kana kupfuura. Poly satin inopa mavara makumi matatu nemaviri paMOQ 50 pieces. Mavara akagadzirwa nePantone anoda 300 pieces MOQ pamwe nemari yekuisa $80-150. Kudhinda kwepolyester sublimation kunowanikwawo kune maprinti akagadzirwa nemaoko, zvichiita kuti mapillowcases epoly satin ave akanaka kune zvigadzirwa zvine rezinesi uye kushanda pamwe chete nevanyori.

Mubvunzo: Musiyano wemutengo wekudzoka kwako uripi pakati pevatengi vesiriki ne poly satin?**

A: Data redu ra2024-2025 rinoratidza kuti huwandu hwesirika hunodzoserwa nemutengo we0.7% zvichienzaniswa nepoly satin 1.2%. Pamutengo wechitoro, huwandu hwesirika hunodzoserwa nemutengo we2.0-3.5% (zvikurukuru ruvara/saizi inofarirwa) zvichienzaniswa nepoly satin 5.0-8.0%, zvichikonzerwa nekusarongeka kwetarisiro yevatengi. Zvinotaurwa pakurongedza zvakajeka zvinodzivirira izvi - gara uchitsanangura zviri mukati mefiber zvisina kujeka.